An integrated circuit contains transistors, capacitors, resistors and other parts packed in high density on one chip.
 Although the function is similar to a circuit made with separate components, the internal structure of the components are different in an integrated circuit.
 The transistors, resistors, and capacitors are formed very small, and in high density on a foundation of silicon. They are formed by a variation of printing technology.
 There are many kind of ICs, including special use ICs.
 
 
 The top left device in the photograph is an SN7400. It contains 4 separate "2 input NAND" circuits. There are 7 pins on each side, 14 pins total.
 ICs in this form are called Dual In line Package (DIP).
 When an IC has only one row of pins, it os called a Single In line Package (SIP).
 The number of pins changes depending on the function of IC.
 
 At the bottom left is an IC socket for use with 14 pin DIP ICs.
 ICs can be attached directly to the printed circuit board with solder, but it's better to use an IC socket, because you can easily exchange it should the IC fail.
 
 On the top right is an LM386N audio amplifier. It can be used for amplification of low frequency, low power signals. IT has 8 pins and the maximum output is 660mW.
 
 On the bottom right is a TA7368P, which also is for amplification of low frequency electric power. It has a maximum output of 1.1 watts.
 It is a 9 pin SIP IC.  

 
 
  Common ICs
 
 Below, the most common ICs are shown. (Those parts that I use most.)
 For extensive details on each part, see the corresponding data sheet.
 The part numbers of the SN74 series ICs are written with a 74, often followed by LS or HC.
 LS (Low power Shottky) indicates low power consumption. HC indicates the device is High speed C-MOS (Complementary-Metal Oxide Semiconductor), and is also a low power consumption IC.
 The average current consumption for each type of chip is listed below.
 The current shown is for when the device is in a LOW state output. In the case of the LOW state output, current consumption is much greater than in the HIGH state output.  

 
 Several kinds of ICs are not available in the LS or HC type. For example, SN7445 is not available in LS or HC. It is available only as SN7445, the normal type.  

                                                                                                                                                                                 

Name	Function	Vcc	Pin Assign(Top View)	Remarks
SN74HC00	Quad 2 Input NAND	+5V		2 input NAND circuits entered 4 pieces
SN74HC04	Hex Inverters	+5V		Inverter circuit entered 6 pieces  Details
SN74LS42	BCD to DECIMAL  Decoder	+5V		One of output takes LOW state serected by the binary input.
SN7445	O.C. BDC to DECIMAL  Decoder/Driver	+5V		Open collector type of 7442    Max current of output is 80mA.
SN74LS47	BCD to Segment  Decoder/Driver	+5V		Front View  Driving IC of Vsegments LED.  Open collector type  Max resistance voltage:15V  6 and 9 disply type:  Related 74247
SN74HC73	Dual JK-FFs  With Clear	+5V		2 pieces of JK-FF
SN74LS90	Decade Counter	+5V		Asynchronous 2 + 5 counter.  Async preset : 9  Async clear  Related  74290  74390
SN74HC93	4-Bit Binary  Counter	+5V		Asynchronous 2 + 8 counter.
SN74HC123	Dual Retriggaerable  Single Shot	+5V		Single shot resister holds the output in the required time from the input states goes to ON.  The output holding time corresponds to C(capacitor) and R(resistor) connected to the Cext(External capacitor) and Rext(External resistor) respectivly.
SN74LS247	BCD to Segment  Decoder/Driver	+5V		Front View    6 and 9 disply type:  Related 7447
SN74LS290	Decade Counter	+5V		This type is the same as the SN7490, with a different layout of pins.  Related  7490  74390
SN74HC390	<span style="font-family:Verdana;font-si